Farmers used the position of the sun relative to mountain ridges, trees, or specially placed stones. For example, in Kakheti, shepherds knew it was noon when a certain rock’s shadow touched a specific stream.
Before mechanical clocks reached Georgian villages, people relied on nature, daily rituals, and the church calendar. This system — tamazhisbis gadmowera — was not just practical but deeply cultural. tamashebis gadmowera
Events were scheduled relative to holidays: “three days after St. George’s” or “just before Lent.” This linked time to spiritual life, not abstract numbers. Farmers used the position of the sun relative