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Thus, when Pepi Litman was born, the city was a vibrant multicultural hub with a large Jewish community, a thriving Yiddish press, and a lively theater scene—all factors that helped shape her artistic path. | Source | Type | Key Information | |--------|------|-----------------| | Jewish Encyclopedia (1906‑1912) | Printed reference work (re‑issued online) | Lists Pepi Litman’s birth as “Lemberg, Galicia.” | | YIVO Institute Archive – Pepi Litman Papers | Archival collection (letters, contracts) | Birthplace recorded on her 1914 immigration card: Lemberg, Galizien | | U.S. Naturalization Records (1932) | Government document | “Place of birth: Lemberg, Austria‑Hungary.” | | Victor Record Catalog (1915‑1925) | Commercial discography | Biographical notes accompanying releases state “born in Lemberg.” | | Contemporary newspaper reviews (e.g., Der Yidisher Zentral 1916) | Press articles | Often mention “the Lemberg‑born star of the Yiddish stage.” |
